METODOLOGI KRITIK TAFSIR DALAM APLIKASI (PENAFSIRAN MUFASSIR DALAM MENAFSIRKAN SURAT AL-A’RAF AYAT 13 DAN LUQMAN AYAT 18 DALAM ANALISIS)

Abstract

This study investigates the application of methodological criticism in tafsir (interpretation) through the analysis of how classical and contemporary mufassirūn interpret Surah Al-A‘rāf verse 13 and Surah Luqmān verse 18. The aim is to evaluate the interpretative approaches used, particularly in the dimensions of semantic accuracy, theological orientation, and contextual relevance. This research employs a qualitative-descriptive approach with a comparative method by analyzing several works of tafsir, including those by Ibn Kathīr, Al-Qurṭubī, Sayyid Quṭb, and M. Quraish Shihab. Through the lens of critique methodology, the study explores how different tafsir traditions—bayānī (textual), burhānī (rational), and ‘irfānī (mystical)—shape the understanding of moral, theological, and psychological messages in the verses studied. The findings reveal significant differences in epistemological foundations and exegetical methods: Surah Al-A‘rāf verse 13, dealing with Iblīs’ rejection of divine command, is dominantly interpreted through theological and anthropological lenses, while Surah Luqmān verse 18, which highlights moral ethics in social behavior, invites ethical and pedagogical interpretation. The application of tafsir criticism reveals strengths and limitations in each approach and suggests the need for integrative methodologies that combine textual fidelity, contextual awareness, and ethical depth.